This provided me with a firm basis in general chemistry, with a strong emphasis on practical skills – mine was the last year the GRIC involved four days of practicals as part of finals! My chemistry experience was enhanced in my doctoral studies in physical organic chemistry at Stirling University under the invaluable supervision of Professor R. I obtained an HNC in chemistry at Newcastle Polytechnic (now the University of Northumbria), followed by the Graduateship of the Royal Institute of Chemistry (now the Royal Society of Chemistry) at Teesside Polytechnic (now the University of Teesside). My love of chemistry was fuelled at Ackworth School, Pontefract, UK, by Phillips Harris, a genius of a teacher. This book is the culmination of a 40 year career in chemistry and the leather industry. It has been my mission to contribute to changing the thinking in the industry, to continue building a body of scientific understanding, aimed at enhancing the sustainability of an industry that produces a unique group of materials, derived from a natural source. Despite the best efforts of a few scientists over the last century or so, much of the understanding of the principles of tanning is still based on received wisdom and experience. Published by The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK Registered Charity Number 207890 For further information see our web site at Preface Even in the twenty-first century, the manufacture of leather retains an air of the dark arts, still somewhat shrouded in the mysteries of a millennia old, craft based industry. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this page. ISBN: 978-0-85404-170-1 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library r Tony Covington 2009 All rights reserved Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research for non-commercial purposes or for private study, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this publication may not be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of The Royal Society of Chemistry or the copyright owner, or in the case of reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Tanning Chemistry The Science of Leather Tony Covington The University of Northampton, Northampton, UK Tanning Chemistry: The Science of Leather is ideal for students, leather scientists and technologists, in both academia and industry, in leather production and in chemical supply houses. It provides fundamental understanding, which should be the basis for scientific and technological research and development for the benefit of the global leather industry. The book also provides the reader with insights into the role science plays in leather technology. Tanning Chemistry The Science of Leather Anthony D Covington The book also reflects on the ways leather technology may develop in the future based on the foundation of understanding the scientific principles. The impact of leather making on the environment is a thread running through the text, with the assumption that better understanding of the science of leather making will lead to improved processing. The objective is to synthesise a scientific view of leather making and to arrive at an understanding of the nature of tanning - how the wide range of chemistries employed in the art can change the properties of collagen, making leather with different properties, especially conferring different degrees of stabilisation as measured by the hydrothermal stability. The aim of the book is to provide leather scientists and technologists with an understanding of how the reactions work, the nature of their outcomes and how the processes can be controlled and changed. It is concerned with the chemical modification of collagen, prior to tanning and the tanning reactions in particular. Tanning Chemistry: The Science of Leather is the only current text on tanning science, and addresses the scientific principles which underpin the processes involved in making leather. Chapter 20: Future technologies Citation preview
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